Kugira ngo twumve ijambo Reverse Osmose, dukeneye gusubiza amaso inyuma mumateka ya Osmose mubumenyi bwa siyanse.Inzira Osmose, ifite amateka maremare ariko ukurikije siyanse, yavumbuwe bwa mbere na 1748 na JeanAntoine Nollet.Nollet yashoboye kwigana inzira ya osmotic ikoresheje uruhago rwingurube nka membrane kugirango yerekane ko molekile zishonga ziva mumazi make ashobora gutembera murukuta rwuruhago rwinshi.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko umusemburo ushobora guhitamo kwambukiranya igice cyumuvuduko ukabije wumuvuduko ukabije wa osmotic kandi ko umusemburo uhora winjira mumyanya ndangagitsina kugeza ugeze kuringaniza imbaraga kumpande zombi.
Nyuma yo kuvumbura osmose, ubushakashatsi kuri iyo ngingo bwazimye mu myaka irenga 200 kugeza mu mpera za 1940, igihe abashakashatsi batangiraga gusuzuma icyo kibazo.Izi nyungu zongeye gushingira ku cyifuzo cyo gushaka uburyo bwo kuyungurura cyangwa gutesha amazi amazi yo mu nyanja, intego yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi bwa Kennedy mu rwego rwo gufasha gukemura ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amazi mu gihugu.Nyuma yimyaka 20, abashakashatsi babiri, Sidney Loeb na Srinivasa Sourirajan bashoboye gukora membrane ya synthique ikora ya membrane ya polymer ya acetate ya selile.Mu bizamini byabo, umubiri wamazi afite ibintu byinshi byashizwemo imbaraga byanyujijwe muri tekinike ya tekiniki yakoraga nkayunguruzo yemerera molekile zamazi gusa kunyura NaCl (umunyu) na TDS.Amazi meza yashoboye kunyura ku kigero cyiza kugirango atange amazi meza, meza, kandi ururenda rwaramba kandi rushobora gukora mugihe cyamazi asanzwe kandi ikora.
Uruganda rwa mbere rw’ubucuruzi RO rwubatswe muri Californiya rubifashijwemo n’ubuyobozi bwa Joseph W. McCutchan na Sidney Loeb maze mu 1965 gahunda y’icyitegererezo ikurura ba injeniyeri na guverinoma baturutse hirya no hino.Izi nzozi zidasanzwe, umunsi umwe ikiremwamuntu gishobora kuvanaho amazi yinyanja murwego runini kandi ruhendutse, amaherezo cyabaye impamo.Iterambere ryakuze vuba mugihe gahunda nshya yikigereranyo yagaragaye ahandi nka La Jolla na Firebaugh California kugirango igerageze ubwoko butandukanye bwamazi ninyanja.Udushya nubuvumbuzi bwaba bandi nabaterankunga benshi byatuma tekinoroji ya membrane ihambaye kandi ihendutse kandi itanga amazi meza mubikorwa byinshi biremereye.
Uyu munsi, revers osmose hamwe na membrane filtration yibikoresho bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye hamwe nibisabwa ku isi yose kandi inganda ziteganijwe gukomeza kwiyongera mubihe biri imbere.Hamwe n'amasoko y'amazi meza asukuye ari make kandi bikomeje kugaragara ku butayu ku isi, inganda nini zitunganya osmose zitanga amazi menshi akoreshwa n'imijyi imwe n'imwe ndetse n'ibihugu bito.Abantu benshi ntibabimenya ubungubu, ariko mugihe cya vuba amazi meza arashobora guhinduka vuba mumitungo ifite agaciro kwisi niyo mpamvu ikoranabuhanga rya RO mubyukuri arimwe mubintu byagezweho mubumenyi mumateka yabantu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-02-2021