Microfiltration (MF)
Kev lim dej precision yog li ntawm 0.1 txog 50 microns.Micro-filtration suav nrog cov lim dej sib txawv PP, cov khoom siv lim dej lim dej, cov lim dej ceramic, thiab lwm yam.Tshem tawm cov khoom txaus ntshai los ntawm dej, zoo li cov kab mob.Cov khoom lim feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav tau thiab yog cov khoom siv lim dej ib zaug uas yuav tsum tau hloov tsis tu ncua.
① PP paj rwb tub ntxhais: feem ntau tsuas yog siv rau kev pom ntxhib nrog cov kev xav tau qis kom tshem tawm cov khoom loj xws li cov xuab zeb thiab xeb hauv dej.
②Activated carbon: Nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov xim sib txawv thiab tsw hauv dej, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv dej, thiab cov nyhuv tshem tawm ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab xeb kuj tsis zoo.
③Ceramic lim caij: Qhov me me pom qhov tseeb tsuas yog 0.1 micron, thiab tus nqi ntws feem ntau me me, uas tsis yooj yim los ntxuav.
Ultrafiltration Membrane (UF)
Lub microporous lim membrane muaj qhov ntsuas qhov pore loj ntawm 0.001-0.02 microns thiab cov qauv pore loj.Ultra-filtration membrane filtration yog txheej txheem membrane pom uas ntiav cov Ultra-filtration membrane nrog siab sib txawv raws li kev tsav tsheb.Feem ntau ntawm ultrafiltration membranes yog tsim los ntawm acetate fibers los yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer nrog cov yam ntxwv sib piv.Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib cais thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov kev daws teeb meem, thiab nws kuj yog feem ntau siv rau kev sib cais ntawm colloidal suspensions uas nyuaj rau kev ua tiav siv lwm cov txheej txheem kev sib cais, thiab nws cov ntawv thov tseem pheej loj tuaj.
Membrane ultrafiltration raws li qhov sib txawv siab tau muab faib ua peb hom: ultrafiltration membrane filtration, microporous membrane filtration, thiab thim rov qab osmosis membrane pom.Lawv txawv ntawm qhov me me me me los yog qhov hnyav molecular uas cov txheej membrane yuav tswj tau.Thaum qhov ntsuas qhov pore loj ntawm daim nyias nyias yog siv los ua tus qauv sib txawv, microporous membrane (MF) muaj qhov ntsuas qhov pore loj ntawm 0.02-10 m, ultra-filtration membrane (UF) muaj qhov ntsuas qhov pore loj ntawm 0.001. -0.02 m, thiab rov qab osmosis membrane (RO) muaj qhov ntsuas qhov pore loj ntawm 0.0001-0.001 m.Muaj ntau yam kev tswj xyuas qhov pores, xws li ultra-filtration membranes nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pore qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thiab pore loj distributions yuav raug tsim raws li hom thiab concentration ntawm cov tshuaj, nrog rau evaporation thiab coagulation tej yam kev mob thaum lub sij hawm tsim membrane.
Ultra-filtration daim ntawv qhia lub cev
Ultra-filtration membranes feem ntau yog cov polymer sib cais daim nyias nyias, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv polymer siv rau ultra-filtration membranes feem ntau muaj cellulose derivatives, polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, thiab polycarbonate.Ultra-filtration membranes yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, zaub mov, thiab ib puag ncig kev lag luam, thiab tuaj yeem tsim rau hauv daim nyias nyias, yob daim nyias nyias, tubular daim nyias nyias, lossis hollow fiber ntau daim nyias nyias.
Lub ultra-filtration membrane yog ib qho ntawm thawj polymer cais daim nyias nyias los tsim, thiab cov tshuab ultra-filtration tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1960.Ultrafiltration membranes yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab tau tshwm sim raws li ib tug tshiab tshuaj chav tsev ua hauj lwm.Nws yog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev sib cais, concentration, thiab purification ntawm cov khoom lom, tshuaj, thiab khoom noj khoom haus, raws li zoo raws li lub davhlau ya nyob twg cov cuab yeej kho mob nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, kev kho cov dej khib nyiab, thiab ultrapure dej npaj.
Qhov pom tseeb ntawm nanofiltration (NF) yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm ultrafiltration thiab rov qab osmosis, thiab tus nqi desalination qis dua qhov rov qab osmosis.Hauv kev ua lag luam, muaj cov lus hais dav dav: nanofiltration yog sloppy thim rov qab osmosis.Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog lub tswv yim kev dag ntxias.
Daim ntawv qhia lub cev ntawm nanofiltration
Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim sib cais tiag tiag, nanofiltration yog lim membrane uas txaus siab rau Daunan nyhuv thiab muaj kev xaiv ion rejection, ib daim nyias nyias uas nws cov sodium chloride permeability yog proportional rau cov sodium chloride concentration thiab yog ntau tshaj 0.4.Nws cov kev siv tseem ceeb yog desalination thiab cov concentration ntawm ntau yam kua input.0% NaCl tsis lees paub pom siv nanofiltration membranes ntawm 30,000 ppm NaCl ua ke nrog lwm cov ions.
Rov qab osmosis (RO): Qhov pom tseeb yog nyob ib puag ncig 0.0001 microns, thiab nws yog ib qho kev sib cais ntawm cov txheej txheem ultra-high-precision membrane sib cais tsim hauv Tebchaws Meskas thaum xyoo 1960s ua haujlwm sib txawv.Nws tuaj yeem lim tawm tau txhua yam kab mob (ob qho tib si tsis zoo thiab pab tau) hauv dej, tawm hauv cov dej molecules xwb.Feem ntau, nws yog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov dej ntshiab, industrial ultrapure dej, thiab kev kho mob ultrapure dej.Kev kub siab thiab lub zog yog xav tau rau kev rov qab osmosis thev naus laus zis.
RO yog cov ntawv luv ntawm Reverse Osmosis membrane hauv lus Askiv.Txij li qhov pore loj ntawm RO daim nyias nyias yog tsib lab ntawm cov plaub hau (0.0001 microns), feem ntau pom tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab, thiab cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob yog nws 5000 Yog li, tsuas yog cov dej molecules thiab qee cov ntxhia ions uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg lub cev. tuaj yeem dhau mus, thiab lwm yam impurities thiab cov hlau hnyav raug tso tawm los ntawm cov kav dej khib nyiab.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm rov qab osmosis:
Ua ntej thiab qhov tseem ceeb, peb yuav tsum nkag siab lub tswv yim ntawm "osmosis."Osmosis yog cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev.Thaum ob hom dej nrog cov ntsev sib txawv yog sib cais, xws li los ntawm ib qho kev thaiv ib nrab permeable, cov dej nyob rau sab uas muaj ntsev tsawg yuav pom tau permeate.Lub membrane nkag mus rau hauv cov dej uas muaj ntsev ntau, tab sis cov ntsev tsis permeate, ua rau cov ntsev concentration ntawm ob sab mus rau fuse mus txog thaum lawv sib npaug.Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev los ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem no, uas tseem hu ua osmotic siab.
Rov qab osmosis daim ntawv qhia lub cev
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj sim tso siab rau sab dej nrog cov ntsev ntsev loj, qhov tshwm sim kuj tseem tuaj yeem txwv qhov kev nkag mus rau qhov hais saum toj no, thiab lub siab no hu ua osmotic siab.Yog hais tias lub siab yog nce, qhov infiltration tuaj yeem thim rov qab, thiab ntsev yuav nyob twj ywm.Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm thim rov qab osmosis desalination yog siv lub siab ntau dua li lub ntuj osmotic siab hauv cov dej qab ntsev (xws li cov dej nyoos), kom osmosis nce mus rau qhov sib txawv, thiab cov dej molecules hauv cov dej nyoos yog nias. mus rau sab nraud ntawm daim nyias nyias, ua rau cov dej huv, thiaj li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm impurities thiab ntsev ntawm dej.
Keeb kwm ntawm RO rov qab osmosis:
Ib tus kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas, pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo hauv xyoo 1950 tias seagulls nqus lub qhov ncauj loj ntawm cov dej hiav txwv tawm ntawm lub hiav txwv thaum ya hauv hiav txwv.Lawv ntuav me ntsis qhov ncauj ntawm dej hiav txwv tom qab ob peb feeb, uas ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb vim tias cov tsiaj hauv av ua pa ntawm lawv lub ntsws.Cov dej ntsev ntsev siab tsis tuaj yeem noj.Tom qab kev txiav tawm, nws tau pom tias seagull lub cev muaj txheej nyias.Zaj movie no tiag tiag.Lub seagull nqus dej ntsev, uas tom qab ntawd compressed, thiab cov dej molecules dhau los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab vim yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub siab.
Nws tau hloov mus rau hauv dej tshiab, thiab cov kab mob thiab cov ntsev ntau heev hauv cov dej hiav txwv tau nti tawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj.Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb theoretical underpinning ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab osmosis, uas yog thawj zaug siv rau desalination khoom nyob rau hauv 1953 los ntawm University of Florida.Dr.S.Sidney Lode, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm UCLA University School of Medicine, koom tes nrog Dr.S.Soirirajan los pib tshawb fawb txog kev rov qab osmosis membranes hauv xyoo 2009, nrog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm tsoomfwv Meskas txoj haujlwm, thiab tau nqis peev kwv yees li $ 400 lab US las ib zaug. xyoo nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb siv nws rau astronauts.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Mar-31-2022