Ulwelwesi lwe-Nanofiltration lungagcina izinto ezinosayizi we-nano, futhi ezinye izici zinquma ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kombala othize we-nanofiltration membranes, engahlukaniswa ibe yizici ezilandelayo.
1. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanofiltration membrane ekwelapheni amanzi athambile.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-ion amabili anqanyulwa ngokuphumelelayo futhi ukucindezela okuphansi kungasetshenziswa ngamanani aphezulu amanzi, ukubaba kukhishwa usawoti, okudonsa imakethe yokuvuselela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-sodium.Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko ukuthi ayinama-microorganisms futhi ayidingi ukuvuselelwa., Ifaka amanzi kanye ne-organic matter, elula, ayithathi indawo, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isondelene kakhulu nendlela yokutshala izimali kanye nentengo, ngakho-ke kukhona ukusebenza okufanelekile nokujwayelekile kwemvelo kulo mkhakha.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanofiltration membrane ekuhlanzeni amanzi okuphuza.
Ngenxa yensalela yokungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezithintekayo kufakazele ukuthi ulwelwesi lwe-nanofiltration lungasusa imikhiqizo ephuma kancane ebusheni, izinsalela zokubulala ukhula, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinto eziphilayo zemvelo, izinto eziphilayo zemvelo, ikhwalithi yamanzi, ne-sulfide ekhiqizwa endaweni. inqubo yokukhipha amagciwane.Usawoti kanye ne-nitrate, njll. Iphinde ibe nezinzuzo zekhwalithi yamanzi enhle, ukuzinza, umthamo ophansi wamakhemikhali, izinto ezincane ezilula, ukonga ugesi, ukuphathwa nokugcinwa, kanye nokukhipha i-zero.Ngakho-ke, ama-nanofiltration membranes angase abe ubuchwepheshe obukhethwayo bokuhlanzwa okuhlanzekile ekhulwini lama-21.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanofiltration membrane kusawoti endaweni enezimbotshana.
Ekuthuthukisweni kokugcwala kukasawoti emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, ezindaweni ezibuswa ezolimo, inkomba yekhwalithi yamanzi ikude naseduze, futhi ubuchwepheshe be-osmosis obuhlanekezayo bungasetshenziswa ukumba usawoti nezinye izinto.Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokubuyisela amanzi liphakeme kakhulu.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa kwe-condensate nakho kuyinkinga.Ngokuvamile, indlela ye-ion-exchange iyadingeka ukwelapha amanzi angcolile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-ion exchange resins akhetha ukushintshanisa ama-ion a-divalent nama-valent aphezulu.Uma okuqukethwe okunenani eliphezulu kusixazululo sokunciphisa kwandisa izindleko zokucubungula, ukuvuselelwa kwendawo eyodwa kuzokhuphula amanzi amakhulu kuqala.Usawoti omningi kasawoti uphathwa nge-nanofiltration membrane bese uphathwa ngendlela yokushintshanisa i-ion, isikhathi sokwelashwa singanwetshwa izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3.
Isixazululo siqukethe inqwaba kasawoti wezinto ezingaphili.Ngemuva kwekholomu ye-sodium ion exchange, ama-ion we-inorganic ashintshaniswa ngama-chloride.Ngalesi sikhathi, okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate emanzini kuhlangabezana nezidingo zosawoti we-inorganic.Izinzuzo zayo yilezi: ingangena kuma-nitrate, futhi izinga lokubuyisela amanzi liphezulu.Le nqubo isetshenziswe kabanzi eJalimane.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanofiltration membrane ekwelapheni amaqabunga.
Ngenxa yokuthi insalela iqukethe ukotini omningi, ongangena futhi umunce omunye nomunye, ukhuni olumnyama kanye nokhuni olunyakazayo olukhiqizwa inqubo yokumunca ukhuni olumnyama kanye ne-pulp yokhuni lumuncwa isici nendlela yokumunca ngoba izinto eziningi eziphilayo ku-peat. anamacala angalungile futhi ashajwa kalula nge-positively.Ulwelwesi lwe-nanofiltration luyabhujiswa esikhundleni sokubangela ukungcola okukhulu.Isibonelo, ulwelwesi lwe-nanofiltration lusetshenziselwa ukususa umbala uketshezi olulahlwayo olukhiqizwa esigabeni sokukhipha i-alkali se-pulping yezinkuni, ulwelwesi lweribhoni, i-biomembrane kanye ne-ground lignin oketshezini olulahlwayo kungavinjelwa, kanye nama-ion ion amonovalent angadingi kuvinjwa. ingabuye ijabule nge-membrane, Izinga le-decolorization yefilimu lifinyelela ku-98%.
5. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanofiltration membranes ekwelashweni okuthuthukisiwe kwendle.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlunga kwe-Membrane kuyindlela ebalulekile yokubona ukugaywa kabusha kwendle.Izinqubo zayo eziyinhloko zifaka i-flocculation sedimentation, ukubulala amagciwane, nezinye izinqubo zokwelapha.Inqubo emva kokwelashwa kwe-membrane ihlanganisa nokwelashwa kwe-membrane.Zombili zingasebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile.
Okwesithupha, i-nanofiltration membrane iqukethe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezicashile ekwelapheni.
Enqubweni ye-electroplating kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza i-alloy, amanzi amaningi avame ukuhlanzwa ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwethusi okweqile, njenge-nickel, insimbi, ne-zinc.Kucutshungulwe ku-sediments, uma kusetshenziswe ubuchwepheshe be-membrane ye-nanofiltration, ngaphezu kwe-90% yengxenye ingabuyiselwa ukuze ihlanzwe, futhi inani langempela lingancishiswa izikhathi ezingu-10 ukuze ukunciphisa kusetshenziswe kabusha.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, ulwelwesi lwe-nanofiltration lungakwazi futhi ukufeza ukuhlukaniswa kwezakhi zensimbi ezahlukene esixazululweni, njengokuhlukaniswa kwe-Cd ne-Ni, ziguqule kuqala zibe yi-CdCl2 ne-NiCl2, bese zengeza i-NaCl ukuze zenze izinkimbinkimbi ezikhokhisiwe nezingashajwa ngokulandelana Izinto.Uma ukugxila kwe-NaCl kungu-01mol/L lapho ibala lebala likhona esixazululo, ikakhulukazi liba khona ngendlela ye-CdCl2, kodwa i-nickel ayikho efomini elihlanganisiwe.Inhlanganisela isesimweni sama-nickel ions.I-NF eshajwe kahle isetshenziselwa ukunqanda ama-nickel ions ukuvumela Ukugeleza okukhululekile ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezinsimbi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-16-2021