Reverse osmosis (RO) imatanthawuza ukadaulo womwe umatsuka madzi powakankhira kudzera mu nembanemba yomwe ingathe kulowa mkati mopanikizika kwambiri.Kakhungu ka RO ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka zinthu zosefera zomwe zimalekanitsa zowononga ndi mchere wosungunuka ndi madzi akumwa.Zili ndi zigawo zitatu, zomwe ndi ukonde wothandizira poliyesitala, kagawo kakang'ono ka polysulfone interlayer ndi wosanjikiza wowonda kwambiri wa polyamide.Ma nembanembawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale komanso kupeza madzi amchere.Masiku ano, akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi poyeretsa madzi, chifukwa njira ya RO imapereka njira yothandiza zachilengedwe komanso yotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse monga kusungunula madzi.Koma anthu sanazolowerane bwino ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kumvetsetsa bwino kusiyana kwa mitundu ya ma membrane a ro.
M'nkhani ya lero, tigawana mwachidule ena mwa mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso kusiyana pakati pa RO nembanemba.Ma membrane a HID amagawidwa motengera mtundu wa nembanemba, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka membrane, kukula kwake, ndi magwiridwe antchito.Patsamba lathu, nembanembayo imagawidwa m'magulu atatu pogwiritsa ntchito nembanemba (GPD).Timayika ma membrane athu molingana ndi kukula kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa GDP.Kwa nembanemba za ro zogona ku HID, GPD yosiyana siyana ndi 50 - 200 ndipo imatha kupirira kuthamanga kwa 65psi mpaka 200psi.Tili ndi mitundu yayikulu kapena ma membrane awa ndipo mutha kuwona gawo lathu patsamba lathu.Ma nembanembawa ndi abwino ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'machitidwe ang'onoang'ono apanyumba.chifukwa cha kutsika kwawo kocheperako komanso magawo a gpd.
Zamalonda ro membranes pa HID, mtundu wa GPD wa 200 - 1000 ndipo ukhoza kupirira kupanikizika kwa 65psi mpaka kufika pa 200psi.Tilinso ndi chitsanzo chambiri cha nembanemba izi.Ma nembanembawa ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo aboma kapena m'nyumba zamaofesi, zipatala, masukulu, mafakitale, ma laboratories chifukwa GPD ya nembanemba iyi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa yokhalamo.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mchere wamadzi apamtunda, madzi apansi panthaka, madzi apampopi, brackish ndi salinity pansi pa 2000ppm.Gulu lachitatu ndi nembanemba za mafakitale, izi ndi zazikulu kukula, GPD, ndipo zidapangidwira machitidwe akulu.Kuchokera pa 780 - 11000 magaloni patsiku, izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja ndi madzi amchere amchere ndipo zimatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa 150psi mpaka 600psi.Tidzagawana zambiri zamtundu uliwonse m'nkhani yathu yotsatira.
Mawu ofunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu reverse osmosis
Kubwezeretsanso - kuchuluka kwa madzi a m'magazi a membrane omwe amatuluka m'dongosolo ngati madzi opangidwa kapena "kulowa".
Kukana - kuchuluka kwa solute ndende kuchotsedwa ku dongosolo chakudya madzi ndi nembanemba.
Ndime - mosiyana ndi "kukana", ndimeyi ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo zosungunuka (zonyansa) m'madzi odyetsera omwe amaloledwa kudutsa nembanemba.
Kuyenda - Kuthamanga kwa chakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi a chakudya omwe amalowetsedwa ku membrane element kapena membrane system, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayesedwa mu magaloni pamphindi (gpm).
Concentrate otaya - ndi mlingo wa otaya sanali permeated chakudya madzi kutuluka nembanemba chinthu kapena nembanemba dongosolo.
Flux - mlingo wa permeate wonyamulidwa pa unit of membrane area, nthawi zambiri amayezedwa mu magaloni pa sikweya phazi patsiku (gfd) kapena malita pa lalikulu mita ndi ola (L/m2h).
Permeate - oyeretsedwa mankhwala madzi opangidwa ndi nembanemba dongosolo.
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) - nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ngati mg/lor ppm (gawo pa miliyoni).
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-29-2021